問答題問有哪些路由協(xié)議在路由條目發(fā)生變化時(shí)只做部分更新，并且使用比較低的鏈路帶寬？

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1.單項(xiàng)選擇題Network A has a spanning-tree problem in which the traffic is selecting a longer path. How is the path cost calculated？（）

A.number of hops
B.priority of the bridge
C.interface bandwidth
D.interface delay
E.None of the above

2.單項(xiàng)選擇題

Refer to the exhibit. Which switching feature is being tested?（）

A.loop guard
B.PortFast
C.root guard
D.BDPU guard

3.單項(xiàng)選擇題Customer X has a hub-and-spoke Frame Relay network， with a central office and two branch offices （RemoteA and RemoteB）. Each location has only one physical link to the Frame Relay cloud and RemoteB has a router that is not a Cisco router. Since the installation， there is no connectivity between RemoteB and the central office. What is a possible solution to this issue？（）

A.Because Frame Relay IETF encapsulation is only configurable at interface level， you must use IETF encapsulation on all routers.
B.This is not a possible scenario. A dedicated Frame Relay link to RemoteB is mandatory at the central office.
C.The router at RemoteB must be replaced by a Cisco router.
D.Use Frame Relay IETF encapsulation on a per-VC basis on the central office router.
E.There is a problem in the Frame Relay cloud， because Cisco routers are compatible with IETF Frame Relay.

5.多項(xiàng)選擇題The network administrator wants to enable an EtherChannel between two switches in "on" mode. The administrator connects the cables and enables the interfaces， but while configuring the EtherChannel in the first switch， a spanning-tree loop was detected. Which two of these procedures can avoid this problem？（）

A.Configure the EtherChannel as "desirable" first.
B.Assign all interfaces to the same VLAN.
C.Disable PortFast on the interfaces in the EtherChannels.
D.Disable all interfaces first.
E.Fast Ethernet and Gigabit Ethernet ports cannot be assigned to the same EtherChannel.
F.Fix cabling problems.

7.單項(xiàng)選擇題Before inserting a new switch in the network， the network administrator checks that the VTP domain name is correct， the VTP mode is set to server， and revision is lower than the switches in the network. The administrator then configures interfaces and trunks， erases existing VLANs， and connects the switch to the network. Following that procedure， there is no connectivity in the network. What is a possible cause of this problem？（）

A.Because the configuration revision of the new switches is lower than the rest of the network， it can change the VLAN database of the other switches.
B.As a VTP server， the new switch deleted all VLANs of the network.
C.Erasing VLANs increases the VTP configuration revision.
D.Since the configuration revision of the network is higher than the new switch， the VLAN database was automatically synchronized.

9.單項(xiàng)選擇題

Refer to the exhibit. What type of issue does this error log indicate if the IP address in the error log is located off of the Router A WAN?（）

A.HSRP standby configuration error
B.HSRP burned-in address error
C.HSRP secondary address configuration error
D.this is not an HSRP problem，but rather an STP error or router or switch configuration issue