A. GE-1/2 and GE 2/1
B. GE-1/1 and GE-2/2
C. GE-3/2 and GE 4/1
D. no ports are in the blocking state
E. There is not enough information to determine which ports are in the blocking state.

A.The originator of the TCN immediately floods this information through the network.
B.The TCN propagation is a two step process.
C.A TCN is generated and sent to the root bridge.
D.The root bridge must flood this information throughout the network.

A. Increase the root bridge priority （increasing the numerical priority number） for VLAN 2 on Catalyst D so that port D2 becomes the root port on Catalyst D for VLAN 2.
B. Decrease the port priority on R2 for VLAN 2 on Catalyst R so that port D1 will be blocked for VLAN 2 and port D2 will remain blocked for VLAN 1.
C. Decrease the path cost on R2 on Catalyst R for VLAN 2 so that port D1 will be blocked for VLAN 2 and port D2 will remain blocked for VLAN 1.
D. Increase the root bridge priority （decreasing the numerical priority number） for VLAN 2 on Catalyst R so that R2 becomes the root port on Catalyst D for VLAN 2.

A.Loop guard only operates on interfaces that are considered point-to-point by the spanning tree.
B.Loop guard only operates on root ports.
C.Loop guard only operates on designated ports.
D.Loop guard only operates on edge ports.

A.It may allocate IP addresses from an unknown subnet to the users.
B.All multicast traffic can be sniffed by using the DHCP multicast capabilities.
C.The CPU utilization of the first hop router can be overloaded by exploiting DHCP relay open ports.
D.A potential man-in-the-middle attack can be used against the clients.

A. 1） lowest root bridge id，2）lowest sender bridge id，3）lowest port id，4）lowest root path cost
B. 1） lowest root path cost，2）lowest root bridge id，3）lowest sender bridge id，4）lowest sender port id
C. 1） lowest root bridge id，2）lowest sender bridge id，3）lowest root path cost 4）owest sender port id
D. 1） lowest root bridge id，2）lowest root path cost，3）lowest sender bridge id，4）lowest sender port id

A. VTP updates are ignored and forwarded out all ports.
B. VTP updates are ignored and forwarded out trunks only.
C. VTP updates are made to the VLAN database and are forwarded out trunks only.
D. VTP updates are ignored and are not forwarded.

A.Increase the shaping rate for the priority queue.
B.Remove the policer applied on the priority queue.
C.Remove the shaper applied on the priority queue.
D.Increase the policing rate for the priority queue.

A.enforce the placement of the root bridge in the network
B.ensure that a port is transitioned to a forwarding state quickly if a BPDU is received
C.enforce the borders of an STP domain
D.ensure that any BPDUs received are forwarded into the STP domain

A.ip pim rp-address
B.ip pim ssm
C.ip pim sparse-mode
D.ip pim passive