單項選擇題Why are the 1300 nm and 1550 nm regions of the fiber spectrum primarily used for optical communications?（）

A. They are both regions of lowest loss.
B. They are both regions of low reflections.
C. They are both regions of low index of refraction.
D. They are both regions of low chromatic dispersion.
E. They are both regions of low Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD).


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1.單項選擇題What is an advantage of an externally modulated laser over a directly modulated laser?（）

A. lower cost
B. higher chirp
C. easier to manufacture
D. higher dispersion tolerance
E. higher optical signal-to-noise ratio

2.單項選擇題What is the difference between the transmitted power and the sensitivity of the receiver?（）

A. OSNR
B. dispersion
C. attenuation
D. power budget
E. amplifier spacing
F. four wave mixing

3.多項選擇題Which three technologies are used to reduce chromatic dispersion accumulation in fiber-optic transmission systems? （）(Choose three.)

A. PIN photodiodes
B. zero-chirped lasers
C. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers
D. dispersion compensating fiber
E. dispersion compensating Bragg grating

7.多項選擇題What are two important considerations when using 2- or 4-channel 15216 OADMs?（） (Choose two.)

A. All "Add" channels require uniform power levels.
B. The flexibility of wavelengths per OADM is limited.
C. It is easier to balance "Pass-Through" and "Add" channels.
D. There is lower pass-through loss using multi-channel OADMs.
E. You can extract a single channel without dropping other channels.

9.單項選擇題The ONS 15216 is a 32-channel system. The ONS 15216 OADMs are capable of adding and dropping one, two, or four channels. How are the OADMs provisioned to add and drop specific channels?（）

A. The ONS 15216 OADM can be provisioned to add/drop one, two, or four channels via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
B. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a four-channel module, and the number of ports utilized determines whether it is a one, two, or four channel OADM.
C. Three separate OADM modules are available for one, two, and four channels. The wavelengths to be dropped and added are programmable via Cisco Transport Manager (CTM).
D. The ONS 15216 OADM consists only of a single-channel module. Two-channel and four-channel support is available by stacking the single-channel module.
E. The ONS 15216 OADM is available in one, two, four channels. There are 32 single-channel OADM modules, 16 two-channel OADM modules, and 8 four-channel OADM modules.

10.多項選擇題

Click the Exhibit button. The exhibit shows a 15454/15216 DWDM system and alarm indications. What are two possible sources of trouble shown in the system?（） (Choose two.)

A. fiber failure between Sites A and d 
B. EDFA failure at Site A (clockwise direction)
C. EDFA failure at Site C (clockwise direction)
D. 15216 multiplexer at Site A (counter-clockwise direction)
E. OADM pass-through (West "OUT") failure at site D (clockwise)
F. wavelengths 1 and 3 transmitter failures at Site A (clockwise direction)